Cirrhosis of Liver

Cirrhosis of Liver

Type of Cirrhosis

  • Alcoholic cirrhosis
  • Postnecrotic cirrhosis
  • Biliary cirrhosis
  • Cardiac cirrosis
    • Congestive cardiac failure, accumulation of fluid
  • ..

Clinical Features

  • Intermittent jaundice - biliary cirrhosis
  • Splenomegaly due to portal hypertension
  • Anaemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia due to hypersplenism

Effect/Signs of Liver Cell Failure

  • Alopecia
  • Icterus
  • Bilateral parotid gland enlargement
  • Coma
  • Spider naevi
  • Gynaecomastia
  • Jaundice
  • Ascites
  • Loss of sexual hair
  • Testicular atrophy
  • Liver flap
  • Bleeding tendency
  • Anemia
  • Ankle oedema

Portosystemic Anastomosis

  • Esophagus
  • Bare surface of liver
  • Caput medusae
  • Rectum - hemorrhoid

Pathogenesis of Ascites

  • Increase aldosterone level
  • Hypoalbuminemia
  • Portal hypertension

Management of Hepatic Encephalopathy

  • Improve bowel habit by laxatives such as Lactulose syrup
  • Antibiotic such as metronidazole and rifaximine

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